Homosexuality in Malaysia - 1248 Words

ISSUES RELATED TO HOMOSEXUALITY IN MALAYSIA Recently, there are many issues about homosexuality had occurred. For example â€Å"Seksualiti Merdeka† or Sexuality Independence. Seksualiti Merdeka is an annual sexuality rights festival held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It features a programme of talks, forums, workshops, art, theatre and music performances, interactive installations, and film screenings, organised by a coalition of Malaysian NGOs, artists and individuals. Its aims are to affirm sexuality rights as a human right, to empower individuals and communities of all sexualities and to create platforms for advocacy of sexuality rights. Seksualiti Merdeka was launched in 2008 by a network of artists and activists advocating for the†¦show more content†¦Should the ban on Seksualiti Merdeka not be reversed, the matter can be expected to be taken up by countries at the Human Rights Council in the future. The Malaysian government also should ensure the safety of human rights defenders such as former Bar Council president Ambiga Sreenevasan, who has faced severe verbal attacks since it was revealed that she was scheduled to preside over the opening session of Seksualiti Merdeka. Perkasa and other groups have labeled Ambiga as an â€Å"antichrist,† impugned her patriotism, called for her Malaysian citizenship to be stripped, and demanded she be detained in preventive detention under the Internal Security Act. FACTOR LEADS TO HOMOSEXUALITY Most researchers agree that homosexuality is multi-causal and complex; many factors contribute to the development of same-sex attraction. They also believe that the homosexuality has nothing to do with the biological or genetic. If homosexual impulses are not inherited, what kinds of influences do cause strong homosexual desires? Some researchers believe that causes of homosexuality include the individual, family, society and media. Individual Firstly, the individual himself have been experience any homosexual in their childhood, especially if it is a first sexual experience or with an adult. So, theyShow MoreRelatedSexual Orientation3686 Words   |  15 PagesIntroduction Homosexuality is defined or characterized as attraction towards the same gender either male or female. It came from the Greek language, where â€Å"homo† means the same or similar, hence referring to the attraction between two beings of the same sex. Homosexuality is also referred as a clinical term. Most male homosexuals generally prefer to be called gay men and most homosexual women generally prefer to be called lesbians. Homosexuality is one of the three main categories of sexualRead MoreFactors that Contribute to Social Illness in Brunei Darussalam732 Words   |  3 PagesSocial illness is an outcome of a negative way of social life. It really can change and control the mind-set of the people where this illness is not easily treated. It a concern to countries such as Malaysia, Japan and other countries including Brunei Darussalam as this social illness kept growing. It was unknown that when this phenomenon had started. It becomes more noticeable in the 20th century. Soci al illness also arises in Brunei Darussalam though it is not at a high rate even so it still doesRead MoreSex Minority1961 Words   |  8 Pagescountries that held this view is Malaysia. According to Sin-chew newspaper, one of Malaysia’s politicians has proposed a new law to prevent invasion of homosexual. He held the view that the homosexual person will ruin their national religious and humiliated the national constitution. Besides, there is some association that published some guideline that claim to identify the sexual orientation of people. One of the most famous guideline was published by Yayasan Guru Malaysia Bhd and Putrajaya ConsultativeRead MoreLegalization of Gay Marriage1319 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Federal Constitution of our country. According to the Constitution of Malaysia, we are protected under the freedom of movement, freedom of speech, assembly and association, freedom in religion, and rights in respect of education. All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. Everyone have their own right to be who they want to be as long as they do not break the law within the Constitution of Malaysia. Every Malaysian has the equal rights under the Fundamental Liberties toRead MoreHomosexuality and God6017 Words   |  25 Pagesexclusively to people who are homosexual, bisexual, or transgender. To recognize this inclusion, a popular variant adds the letter Q for those who identify as queer and/or are questioning their sexual identity as LGBTQ, recorded since 1996. In Malaysia, LGBT rights are partially recognized. LGBT individuals encompass all races and ethnicities, religions, and social classes. Sexual orientation and gender identity questions are not asked on most national or State surveys, making it difficult to estimateRead MoreWhy Should The Lgbt Community Serve Openly?1899 Words   |  8 Pagespredominantly Muslim countries remain among the least accepting of homosexuality. In sub-Saharan Africa, at least nine-in-ten in Nigeria (98%), Senegal (96%), Ghana (96%), Uganda (96%) and Kenya (90%) believe homosexuality should not be accepted by society. Even in South Africa where, unlike in many other African countries, homosexual acts are legal and discrimination based on sexual orientation is unconstitutional, 61% say homosexuality should not be accepted by society, while just 32% say it shouldRead MoreA Country That Exceeds Mass Production Needs?1448 Words   |  6 PagesHave you ever seen a country that exceeds mass production needs? Sin gapore is the true definition of that scenario. It has been one of Southeast Asia s most modern cities for over a century. It is sited at the end of the Malayan Peninsula amongst Malaysia and Indonesia. The city mixes Malay, Chinese, Arab, Indian and English societies and religions. The religions in Singapore is Buddhism, Islam, Hinduism, and Christianity. A full calendar year of conventional celebrations and occasions celebratedRead MoreWestern Culture Has Brought More Negative Impacts on the Malaysian Youth.3814 Words   |  16 Pagesand reality, happiness, rights, individualism and science and technology. In Malaysia, Western culture came into influence when the Portuguese arrived in Malacca in 1509, and then captured Malacca in 1511. After that, Malacca had continuously fallen into the hands of Dutch, and then the British. The British gave the most impact to our country, as they changed the administration of the Malay States in Peninsular Malaysia. Since then, our people had been exposed to strong influences of the WesternRead MoreWestern Culture Has Brought More Negative Impacts on the Malaysian Youth.3820 Words   |  16 Pagesreality, happiness, rights, individualism and science and technology. In Malaysia, Western culture came into influence when the Portuguese arrived in Malacca in 1509, and then captured Malacca in 1511. After that, Malacca had continuously fallen into the hands of Dutch, and then the British. The British gave the most impact to our country, as they changed the administration of the Malay States in Peninsular Malaysia. Since then, our people had been exposed to strong influences of the WesternRead MoreRemedy to Immoralities That Are Part of Society Today2031 Words   |  9 PagesOther immoralities such as drug abuse and pre-marital sex have become a major concern to many people including the government. The immoralities portrayed by teenagers today can affect the number of skilled workers and economic status of the country. Malaysia, a Muslim majority country, is also facing the same problem. Drugs and alcohol are consumed in an unrestrained manner and drug dealers are getting more inventive in transporting drugs in and out of the country (Four Arrested, Drugs Worth RM2m , 2013)

Personal Narrative Letter To Morrie - 1590 Words

I walked straight out of that bar and headed for the airport; Oxford had accepted me on full scholarship, and it was time to go. As I approached the airport the almost intolerable roar of the planes jetting off the runway filled my already burning ears. â€Å"One ticket to Oxford, England,† I grunted to the clerk. I boarded my plane with only three things: Doc’s knife, a tattered sack of money I earned from the mines, and a hunger to become the welterweight champion of the world. I had been working in the mines for three years now and had made quite a bit of money for myself. I made my way to my seat and waited for takeoff. My chest began to burn as my heart thumped wildly. I had never been on a plane before. The engines began to vibrate as†¦show more content†¦Tears burst forth from her swollen eyes like water from a dam. They spilled down her cheeks like rain in a storm. Her tear soaked face trembled as she spoke to me. â€Å"Pneumonia,† she cried, bet ween sobs. â€Å" It was pneumonia that killed him.† I couldn’t hold it in anymore. I started to cry. â€Å"Kak,† I whispered under my breath. â€Å"Nobody told me.† â€Å"I’m so sorry dear, he’d been sick for a year. We didn’t know where to reach you.† I felt hollow like one of Doc’s cacti. It seemed like everyone I loved was violently ripped away from me in an unmerciful act of injustice upon them. None of them deserved to die. The hall was surrounded with pictures of Morrie. The room spun, giving me a nauseous feeling. I turned around and flung open the door; I couldn’t bear to be in that room for another second. I went to my dorm and shut the door. I sat in dark emptiness, thinking of everyone who left me in my life: Hoppie, Doc, Nanny, Geel, my mother, and now, Morrie. It was too much to handle. I didn’t move from my spot on the bed for forty-eight hours. I drove myself deeper and deeper into the sadness I felt for the death of my best friend. As I laid there pitying myself I heard a knock on my door. I didn’t get up. The noise grew louder: KNOCK, KNOCK, KNOCK. Still I didn’t move from my throne of self pity. The door gently opened. A man stepped into my room. The first thing I noticed was h is size. He cast a shadow that nearly

Positive Psychological Effects on Exercise Free Essays

â€Å"Positive Psychological Effects of Exercise† Kelsey Leavitt Thomas G. Plante, C. C. We will write a custom essay sample on Positive Psychological Effects on Exercise or any similar topic only for you Order Now (2006, April 10). Psychological Benefits of Exercise Paired with Virtual Reality. Retrieved from http://web. ebscohost. com. ezproxy. tntech. edu/ehost/detail? vid=5sid=2e69bd11-298b-4674-98ca8d42db4513b4%40sessionmgr110hid=126bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=pdhAN=2006-04110-006 Introduction Numerous studies showed that a daily routine of exercise made people live longer lives, had healthier bodies, and were in a more positive psychological state than the people who did not perform exercise as part of their lifestyle. Majority of my family members were overweight and I witnessed many psychological effects that took a toll on their bodies and interfered with their work routine and also their social life. On the other hand, when I reached a certain age in my life, I knew that I did not want to have the health problems some of my family members did and decided to make exercise part of my daily routine to decrease the negative psychological effects that it could have had on myself. Many people used the excuse; I do not have time for exercise or I didn’t have any money for a gym membership. To me, this was just an excuse because anyone can take thirty minutes a day and go for a walk through the park or jog through the neighborhood, which cost no money at all. â€Å"Research demonstrated that individuals who exercised with others, that involved virtual reality stimulation, or getting feedback aimed at improved self efficiency and enjoyment, greater increase in stress reduction, mood, and well-being, and reduced anxiety and depression† (Plante 1). In the database I researched, a sample of 112 psychology students participated in a study designed to measure momentary mood states which included, energy, calmness, tension, and tiredness. The participants in the exercise experienced the lowest level of tiredness. Overall, â€Å"this study suggested that the combination of virtual reality and exercise improved some of the positive psychological effects of exercise compared with virtual reality or exercise alone† (Plante 1). Purpose The purpose of this article was to investigate the role of virtual reality on the psychological benefits of exercise. The article showed forty-seven male and sixty-five female psychology students who participated in a study and were asked to complete the AD-ACL questionnaire which measured state energy, calmness, tiredness, and tension. â€Å"It was predicted that when virtual reality was paired with exercise, it would positively influence the mood benefits of exercise† (Plante 1). Participants were then randomly assigned to one of three conditions: a twenty minute brisk outdoor walk, combined virtual reality with walking on a treadmill, and virtual reality without exercise condition. Among all participants, there were no significant effects on energy, calmness, or tiredness. However, there were significant effects for tension† (Plante 1). The results of this study were determined by running a series of sample t-tests, which concluded a p-value that clarified whether the test had a significant effect or a non-significant effect. I learned from my adaptive class, that having a p-value le ss than 0. 5 is significant and anything above that is non-significant, which is how I determined the results from reading the chart of scores from this study. The results suggested support from the hypotheses as virtual reality did boost positive mood benefits when paired with exercise† (Plante 1). As mentioned earlier, the exercise environment contributed to psychological benefits of exercise by affecting well-being, confidence, enjoyment, mood, and self-efficiency. Problem A quote that I like to live by stated, â€Å"One can talk the talk, but can one walk the walk†? I believe that this had a lot to do with the problems with exercise. Despite all the physical and psychological benefits associated with exercise, exercise involved a risk of serious injury. Exercise related injuries consisted of pulled muscles, sprains, strains, fractures, and dislocations. Individuals that were out of shape, failed to wear correct shoes, or improper use of the exercise equipment were more likely to be injured during exercise. Another problem with exercise was obsession. Believe it or not, one can exercise too much, which caused more harm than good mentally. Excessively exercising can cause one’s body to burn out, which had an increased risk of injury. If an individual became obsessive about their appearance, it would lead them to poor self-esteem and developed into a bad attitude about the psychological purpose of exercise. Solution There were many ways for individuals of all ages and sizes to improve and help cope with the psychological problems of exercise. Wearing proper protective equipment, proper clothing and shoes, and even having a gym owner show you the proper way to use their exercise equipment are all ways that helped reduce the risk of injury involved with exercise today. Also, creation of a comfortable, proper daily exercise routine reduced the risk of an individual becoming burnt out or becoming obsessive with exercise. Lastly, another solution to the psychological effects of exercise is the production of endorphins. Endorphins are produced from exercise and have relieved pain, stress, and enhanced the immune system. Based off the research, the environment that an individual chose to exercise in helped with the psychological benefits of exercise as well. The results from this article demonstrated that indoor  exercises  were more relaxing. An indoor environment proved to be more calming because it was an enclosed and secure area, and there were minimal distractions. Furthermore, â€Å"our findings suggest that an individual’s decision to workout indoors or outdoors could be influenced by whether he or she is attempted to relax or energize† (Plante 1). For example, one chose to run outside in the morning to increase energy levels or one chose to run indoors in the evening to wind down and decrease tension before bed. How to cite Positive Psychological Effects on Exercise, Papers

Napster Debate Essay Example For Students

Napster Debate Essay The Napster DebateEssay written by keith1. BackgroundThe Napster software (http://www. napster.com), launched early in 1999, allows internet users to share and download MP3 files directly from any computer connected to the Napster network. The software is used by downloading a client program from the Napster site and then connecting to the network through this software, which allows sharing (uploading and downloading) of MP3 files between all users connected to the network. While Napster does not condone copyright infringement, there is no opportunity in the software to stop this, or for royalties to be paid to artists whose songs are being duplicated for free. Unlike similar file-sharing applications (Gnutella, Freenet), Napster limits users to uploading/downloading of MP3 files only. These files are compressed wave (.wav) files. The advantage of MP3 files is that they are approximately one-tenth the size of the corresponding . wav file and can be close-to-CD-quality. It is for this reason that many artists, record labels and other music industry stakeholders are concerned by the MP3 file format and applications like Napster that simplify the sharing of copyrighted material. Other file formats in common use on the Internet are not as threatening to the recording industry; primarily due to the reduced quality of the recording. Real audio (. ra, .rm) files have reduced sound quality (comparable to radio) and are usually streamed over a different protocol, allowing people to listen to songs without having (or being able) to download the source files. Another music file format common on the internet is the midi format. These files are of no threat to the music industry because the files are not actually a recording of the music; rather a set of instructions to the computer as to what sounds to play (and there is no way to duplicate vocal tracks). This file format is also becoming outdated and being used less and less. 2. ImpactThe reaction from recording artists, record labels and other music industry players has been varied, but primarily anti-Napster. The first action to be taken against Napster was by the band Metallica. In April of this year, they sued Napster Inc for copyright infringement. The case was settled out of court when Napster agreed to ban some 300,000 users who had allegedly downloaded Metallica songs. Again in June Napster Inc was sued for copyright infringement by The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), a trade group representing the US recording industry, alleging Napster is†¦ enabling and encouraging the illegal copying and distribution of copyrighted music. Napster claims that Audio Home Recording Act that permits copying of material for personal use, allows its uses to swap MP3s. Napster further claims immunity by defining the company as an ISP under the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. The RIAA unsuccessfully applied to have an injunction to stop Napsters operations until after the court case in September, so Napster will continue to operate until (and if) the court rules against Napster. Other artists and record labels (http://www.napster. com/speakout/artists.html and http://www.napster.com/speakout/labels. html) have responded to the advent of Napster and similar applications in a more positive way, embracing the new technology rather than rejecting it. On their website, the Offspring says MP3 technology and programs such as Napster a vital and necessary means to promote music and foster better relationships with our fans. Interestingly enough, the Offsprings last album, Americana, was made available online illegally before commercially released, yet it is the bands best-selling album to date. Furthermore, a number of surveys have proven that Napster users actually buy more CDs, after sampling the songs online (http://www. theregister.co Long Days Journey - Significance of Fog Essay Perhaps eventually sites like e-music.com will partner with all labels, including the bigger ones and will offer a better service (faster downloads, better quality files, more variety etc) than Napster can. However, the fact that over US$15 million has been invested in Napster Inc means that Napster will not die easily. If the RIAA is successful in its current lawsuit against the company, Napster will just change direction. A few solutions have been suggested. Probably the most practical and realistic alternative that has been suggested is that Napster Inc pays royalties to artists when their songs are downloaded, much like the radio pays artists when their songs are played. Another solution is that Napster could work with the music industry to distribute certain sample tracks to the public. These tracks could be distributed royalty-free as promotion for the album, or Napster could agree to pay royalties. Another solution being adopted by other similar information-sharing applications like Napster, Freenet and Gnutella is to make file transfers over the application anonymous. Adding to that, the fact that the central servers themselves do not have to contain any copyrighted files, tracking down users breaching copyright legislation will be incredibly difficult. 4. Pros and Cons of Possible SolutionsThe option of Napster paying royalties to artists whose songs are downloaded would be a positive move because it would mean that artists receive fair compensation for their work. However, on the other hand, to support the enormous cost of such a move, Napster would either have to turn into a paid subscription service, or show advertising (which wouldnt necessarily cover the costs). Added to this, the cost of modifying the application, and working out a way to determine what songs have been downloaded, the administration costs for Napster would skyrocket. The option of a cooperative effort with the music industry has the advantage of being totally legal and stopping all conflicts between Napster and the RIAA. However, such a model would mean a great reduction in the number of songs available and would eliminate the sharing aspect of the program. The advantage of the anonymous peer-to-peer model is that if no corporation, individual or other entity claims ownership, no one can be sued. And because no files are stored on the central server, no copyright is being infringed there. The disadvantage of this method, would be that Napster would still be breaking the law, and undoubtedly new legislation would be brought in and measures would be taken to stop the service. Furthermore, if Napster could not take credit officially for their software, then they could not profit from it (something they need to do, considering the investment in the company) 5. RecommendationsI believe that Napster is a valuable program and an indication of things to come. However, in its current state, it will have a very hard time remaining legal. I believe the only way Napster will survive will be to change its service (and it may in fact be forced to by the courts). I would suggest that Napster develops some system of paying royalties to artists whose songs are downloaded over their software. It is really the only practical way that Napster can continue and even though it will cost the company a lot to implement this system, it will mean that Napster will be safe from litigation by the music industry. It will mean that Napster users will no longer have to worry that they are breaking the law, and will encourage artists to embrace online distribution. I would recommend that Napster subsidises the cost of the royalty payments by showing advertising within the application (much like GetRight (http://www.getright. com/) and CuteFTP (http://www.cuteftp.com) do). This advertising could be used by advertisers to target music enthusiasts, meaning increased revenue for Napster. I believe that if the royalty option, subsidised by advertising is implemented, Napster will be able to continue safely and profitably. Social Issues